How to Get the Best ADHD Assessment for Adults
The best way to receive an accurate diagnosis is to take an expert ADHD assessment. Self-assessment tools can be useful, but they can't replace a consultation and evaluation by a trained professional.
A proper ADHD evaluation should be able to identify other mental health issues that could be present in conjunction with or mimic symptoms of ADHD and also be able to determine if your symptoms started before age 12 years old. The process could also include additional neuropsychological or psychological tests.
Self-Assessment Tool
A self-assessment is a questionnaire that focuses on specific symptoms and traits. These tools are often employed in research studies, in clinics and on health websites to help patients screen for ADHD. Some self-assessments are quick and provide clear results at the conclusion of the test. Some are longer and require participation from important people in the life of the person. These tests can be used to determine if one should seek an ADHD assessment.
There are numerous online ADHD screening and assessment questionnaires however, the majority of them aren't scientifically validated or standardized. It is not recommended to take these tests without consulting a healthcare professional, as they can lead incorrect diagnoses. It could also result in unnecessary referrals for ADHD assessments for people who are not likely to be suffering. This can be a waste of healthcare resources, cause stress for the person being referred to, and lead to long wait for an in-depth assessment.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Workgroup on Adult ADHD created a brief survey called the Adult ADHD Self Report Scale Screener. The ASRS is a six-item questionnaire that examines the experiences of people who have the most frequent ADHD symptoms. This test is useful in the determination of whether an individual requires more clinical analysis.
Other self-assessments that are more comprehensive include the Conners Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire and the CBCL-AP. Both of these scales have been found to have high diagnostic accuracy and moderate sensitivity and specificity. It is important to remember that neither of these tests can replace a thorough evaluation by a psychologist or psychiatrist.
Women's ADHD symptoms are different from men's and that's why some self-assessments for women are specifically designed to address specific problems. These tools for women can help users decide if they want to seek a professional ADHD diagnosis.
Diagnosis
In many instances, the primary care physician will refer the patient to an ADHD-specialist neurologist or psychiatrist. A specialist will typically interview the patient to determine how the symptoms affect daily functioning. The doctor will ask the patient to complete the symptom list or rating scale. They will also review the patient's medical and mental health history from childhood to the present. The doctor will also consider other disorders that might be similar to ADHD like depression and anxiety.
When assessing adults it is more important to consider the functional impairment of the adult, rather than the amount or severity of symptoms. People with ADHD aren't able to meet their expectations at school, work and in relationships. It's recommended to tell your supervisors at work and your school teachers, and your family about the challenges you have to face every day. Patients may be embarrassed to bring up such issues, but it's critical to do so to receive the assistance you require.
A neurologist or psychiatrist who specializes in ADHD can begin by interviewing the child and using a DSM-5 symptom checklist that is specifically designed to identify children. The clinician will ask about the patient's psychiatric, emotional, and social history, as well as how ADHD symptoms affect their daily life. Many doctors also like to ask the patient's spouse or other close family members about their observations of the patient's behavior and if they observe any signs of ADHD. These personal observations can reveal information that cannot be gleaned from surveys or ratings.
A psychologist trained in cognitive behavior therapy may diagnose ADHD in certain instances. However, a psychologist does not have the authority to prescribe medication, which is typically provided by a psychiatrist or neurologists. A therapist who is specially trained to treat ADHD can help the patient learn skills that might help manage symptoms, including managing time and money and methods for organizing. These therapies are offered in person or via telemental services such as Frida.
Treatment
A thorough assessment for ADHD for adults should comprise a diagnostic interview and information from outside sources, such as the person's spouse or close family member. The doctor may request that the person complete one or more of the standardized ADHD ratings scales. These tests are based upon research and analyze the behavior of those with ADHD against those who are not. They help determine if a problem exists. Based on the situation the psychologist may also administer cognitive tests to determine if someone is suffering from ADHD or other issues such as a learning impairment or anxiety disorder.
The physician will also look at the patient's symptoms and how they affect their daily functioning at work, in school or in relationships. For example, the patient might have trouble keeping the track of appointments and bills or arranging their belongings and thoughts. Many adult patients also have low self-esteem, resentment and low self-esteem due to an ongoing pattern of academic failure, job loss and relationships conflicts. A mental health professional may suggest individual therapy, or a program to help the person cope and manage their ADHD symptoms.
If the clinician suspects that a medical condition such as seizures or thyroid issues is the cause of ADHD symptoms, he'll perform a physical exam. The doctor will also inquire with the patient about their previous health problems and whether they have had any injuries or accidents. A thorough history will aid the doctor in determining if the person has been diagnosed in the past of ADHD or any other psychiatric or neurological problems such as bipolar, depression, or anxiety disorder.
Many adults have shaky or hazy memories of their childhood and many forget that they were diagnosed with ADHD as children. To obtain a more accurate picture, the clinician will interview someone who is important in the person's life for example, their spouse or a family member or even their employer. This is a good method to gain an objective perspective of the individual and avoid bias.
A comprehensive ADHD assessment should also include a neuropsychological, or psychological assessment. These tests measure a person's working memory and intelligence, as well as other cognitive capabilities. The clinician will utilize the results of these tests to determine whether ADHD contributes to the person's difficulties in learning, working or coping.
Support
Many adults who have not been diagnosed with ADHD struggle to be productive at school or work. They may have problems keeping track of their daily tasks, organizing their belongings, and remembering important information. adult adhd assessment might also experience difficulties in their relationships, or find it hard to keep appointments.
The first step to receive a diagnosis of ADHD is to talk to an primary care provider. He or she can provide recommendations for referrals or suggest mental health professionals for an evaluation. Certain psychiatrists or graduate psychology programs as well as private therapists are trained in the evaluation of the psychological aspects of ADHD.
In the course of the evaluation the mental health professional will usually use standardized rating scales for ADHD symptoms to determine if an adult meets diagnostic criteria for the disorder. There are a variety of ratings scales are available, including the Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scales and the Conners' Classroom Assessment of Attention and Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report (CAARS). In addition to these ratings scales, mental health professionals generally use cognitive tests to examine an adult's working memory, executive functioning abilities and visual and spatial skills.
If a mental health professional determines the patient has ADHD, he or she will discuss treatment options with the patient. There are a variety of strategies to manage ADHD symptoms, including medication, therapy and lifestyle adjustments. Many adults with ADHD have reported improved functioning after taking stimulant medications, which increase alertness and concentration. Certain adults also benefit from non-stimulant medications that help reduce depression or anxiety, as well as from therapy that incorporates mindfulness and coaching techniques.
It can be a challenging and stressful experience to receive the diagnosis of ADHD. However with the right support and guidance, people with ADHD can manage their symptoms, and lead fulfilling lives. The most important thing is to be honest with your healthcare provider and not be afraid to speak up because of shame or fear of judgment. It is also beneficial to inform your supervisors, colleagues and teachers that you suffer from ADHD. They might be more understanding if they are aware about your struggles and provide you with accommodations, like extra time to finish assignments.